(一)基本市情
武汉是湖北省省会，华中地区特大中心城市，中国经济地理的中心。全市现辖11个城区、2个郊区和3个国家级开发区，总面积8467平方公里，人口830万。新中国成立以来，特别是改革开放20多年来，武汉国民经济持续快速健康发展，国内生产总值在1995年提前"翻两番"的基础上"九五"时期又翻了一番；城市建设和管理上了一个新台阶，各项社会事业全面发展，人民生活总体上达到小康水平；在全国221个地级以上城市中，武汉综合实力居第6位，为实现现代化建设的第三步战略目标奠定了基础。
经济持续快速健康发展，综合实力显著增强。2001年全市国内生产总值1347.8亿元，比上年增长12%；财政收入150.18亿元，比上年增长21.8%；全社会固定资产投资508.44亿元，比上年增长10%；社会消费品零售总额685.82亿元，比上年增长13%。三次产业增加值构成为6.3:44.1:49.6。高新技术产业快速发展，占全市规模以上工业的比重达到42%，形成了钢铁、汽车、光电子、生物工作及新医药、船舶制造，以及商品流通、金融保险和房地产业为主导的结构性增长格局。
经济体制改革不断深入，社会主义市场经济体制框架初步建立。以国有企业改革为中心环节的各项体制改革全面推进，市场机制对资源配置的基础性作用明显增强。88%的国有大中型工业企业、83%的国有中小企业进行了公司制改革。国有经济布局调整顺利推进，国资监管体制改革不断深化，三个层次的国有资产监管营运体系逐步建立。外资、港澳台资和个体私营经济快速发展，以公有制经济为主体的多种经济成分共同发展的格局初步形成。商品和要素市场建设大步推进，市场体系不断完善。
对外开放步伐加快，全方位多层次格局基本形成。适应加入WTO的新形势，进一步改革行政管理体制、完善政策法规体系、改革外经贸体制，取得新的进展。建立了外商投资联合办公中心和投诉处理中心，进行了政府机构、行政审批等制度改革，投资环境不断改善。东湖新技术开发区、武汉经济开发区保持快速发展势头，阳逻经济技术开发区、吴家山海峡两岸科技产业园建设取得新的成绩。武汉·中国光谷取得历史性突破，一批光电子信息产品和企业迅速成长壮大；武汉出口加工区封关运行，一批企业和产业项目成为出口新增长点。利用外资和出口贸易规模扩大，2001年实际利用外资14.32亿美元，比上年增长10%，外贸进出口总额21.56亿美元，其中出口9.46亿美元，比上年增长6%。
城市建设成效显著，城市功能进一步提升。基础设施建设全面推进，白沙洲长江大桥、晴川桥、月湖桥等跨江大桥建成通车，天兴洲长江大桥、阳逻长江大桥前期准备工作进展顺利，外环线、轻轨一号线等道路交通工程建设顺利?quot;铁、水、公、空"相结合的交通网络初步形成。"数字武汉"工程启动，骨干网络建设进展顺利，被国家批准为信息化试点城市。生态环境建设和保护加强，"两江四岸"改造工程取得阶段性成果，整治了东湖环湖景观，完成了汉口江滩整治一期工程。环城生态屏障建设初见成效，人均公共绿地面积8.09平方米，建成区绿化覆盖率33.7%。
科技教育事业全面发展，精神文明和民主法制建设进一步加强。科技创新体系建设加快，新组建了4个高新技术创业服务中心及10家企业研发中心。工程技术研究中心达到11个，3个跻身"国家级"。教育改革与发展加快，基础教育进一步巩固，教育质量稳步提高。新江汉大学正式成立运行。文化、卫生、体育等各项社会事业全面发展。精神文明不断加强，民主法制建设继续推进，依法行政水平进一步提高。
城乡居民收入不断增长，社会保障体系基本形成。2001年城镇居民人均可支配收入和农民人均纯收入分别达到7305元和3100元；城镇居民人均居住面积达到9.65平方米，农村居民人均居住面积达到31.95平方米，人民生活总体上达到小康水平。社会保障制度改革取得新进展，养老、失业保险覆盖面扩大，医疗保险制度改革稳步实施。
(二)发展目标
从新世纪开始，我市进入全面建设小康社会，加快推进社会主义现代化的新的发展阶段。面对新的形势和新的机遇与挑战，我们将以发展作为主题，以结构调整为主线，全面实施"科教兴市"和"开放先导"两个战略，努力推动经济社会跨越式发展，不断提高人民群众的物质文化水平，率先基本实现现代化。
我们的近期目标是：2001-2005年，为基本实现现代化打基础、建框架，把武汉建设成为华中地区重要的经济、贸易、金融、交通信息、科技教育中心。
我们的中期目标是：用1015年时间，把武汉建设成为我国中部地区的重要发展极，在经济发展、基础设施、人民生活、社会文明等各个方面基本实现现代化，努力构建可持续发展的经济、社会、生态系统，为建设现代化国际性城市的长远战略目标奠定坚实的基础。
我们的长远目标是：争取经过30多年的持续奋斗，把武汉建设成为现代化国际性城市，强化城市综合服务功能，优化城市综合发展环境，提高城市综合竞争力。
(三)两大战略
"十五"时期，我们将进一步发挥比较优势，全面实施"开放先导"和"科教兴市"战略，以开放促改革、促发展，推动经济社会跨越式发展。
深入实施"开放先导"战略，大力发展开放型经济。一是积极做好胧篮蟮母飨罟ぷ鳌Ｍ晟粕嫱饩谜叻ü妫忧恐恫ǖ谋；ぃ晟谱裳窕梗欢咸岣叻袼健６翘岣呃猛庾使婺：退健Ｎ"五大产业基地"和"五大功能中心"和农业产业化体系建设，策划一批利用外资项目。不断改进招商方式，增强招商引资的针对性和实效性。进一步优化外商投资结构，大力引进先进技术和管理经验。努力引进国际大公司、大财团、大商社来汉投资经营，推动企业与跨国公司合资、合作，进入跨国公司的全球生产链和营销网，促进我市尽快成为跨国公司的区域性制造基地、研发中心、营销总部。三是千方百计扩大出口。充分利用武汉出口加工区的优势，加快引进步伐，提高投产水平和出口规模。实施科技兴贸战略，优化出口结构，扩大经济外向度。继续深化外贸体制改革，着力培育新的出口增长点，促进外贸主体的多元化。继续实施出口市场多元化战略，巩固和发展港、台、美、欧盟等传统市场，着力开拓非洲、东欧、大洋洲等新兴市场。四是扩大经济技术合作。加快实?quot;走出去"战略，鼓励企业建立海外生产基地、研发机构和海外销售网络。拓展对外工程承包领域，扩大工程承包规模。继续推进"东引、西进、中联"战略，引进东部地区的资金、技术、人才和管理经验，积极参与服务西部大开发，立足中部，加强武汉经协区和长江中游经济圈的联合协作。
深入实施"科教兴市"战略，促进科技经济紧密结合。一是加快科技创新体系建设。推进以"两区多园"为主体的科技园区建设，积极培育科技创新基地。增强企业创新能力，培育创新主体。加强高新技术孵化器建设，增强孵化能力。抓紧科技中介服务体系建设，抓好"生产力促进中心"、"科技成果转化服务中心"的建设。二是全面推进教育改革与发展。加强基础教育，着力办好新江汉大学。规划启动大学新城(黄家湖)建设。调整优化教育管理体系，加快教育信息化步伐，支持高校后勤社会化改革。三是大力实施人才战略?quot;入世"后，最大的挑战是人才竞争。抓好高层次人才、高新技术人才和年轻创业人才的培养和引进，重点培养和引进适应加入世贸组织要求的干部和专业人才。完善人才机制，努力营造优秀人才聚集和脱颖而出的环境。
(四)产业结构
"十五"时期，我们将集中力量发展具有比较优势和竞争力的重点产业，建设现代制造业基地和现代服务业中心，推进经济结构战略性调整。
1.工业形成"五大产业基地"
国家光电子信息产业基地。重点发展光纤光缆、光电子器件、光通信设备、激光、软件产业，加快建设"武汉·中国光谷"。
以轿车制造为重点的现代制造业基地。重点发展轿车、轻型车和专用车，积极推动电动汽车、混合动力汽车的研制和开发，促进汽车产业整体结构优化升级和机械装备制造业振兴。
钢铁制造及新材料产业基地。重点发展精品钢材、无机非金属新材料、有机高分子及复合新材料等。
生物工程及新医药产业基地。重点发展生物工程药物产品、现代中药产品、化学合成药物产品、新型生物保健产品、生物技术农产品、生物杀虫剂产品等六大系列。
环保产业基地。重点建设青山国家环保产业基地，大力发展大气污染防治技术和设备、水污染防治技术和设备、"消除白色污染"替代产品、固体废弃物处理技术和设备、清洁能源工程等。
预期2005年，"五大产业基地"实现增加值占全市工业增加值的比重达到50%以上，成为全市工业的主要支撑，形成具有较强竞争力的工业产业新高地。在重点建设五大产业基地的基础上，加快发展食品、服装及纺织、造纸及包装三大特色行业。
2.服务业形成"五大功能中心"
华中地区金融商贸中心。重点发展大商贸、大金融，突破性发展会展业和商务服务业，形成区域性商贸金融中心。
华中地区物流中心。加强交通的基础设施建设，建设大型物流配送中心，培育和发展具有全国性经营网络的第三方物流企业和物流园区。
华中地区信息中心。完善信息基础设施，推进"数字武汉"建设，使武汉成为我国中部的信息交汇点和经济、科技信息交流的接点，成为国内重要的信息港。
华中地区科教中心。推进武汉大学城、科技城建设，大力发展文化产业，张扬武汉文化特色。
华中地区旅游中心。合理开发历史文化和山水园林资源，培植旅游名牌，扩大旅游规模和辐射功能。
围绕"五大功能中心"的建设，积极发展房地产及住宅业、社区服务等都市服务业，提升中心城市综合服务功能。
3、农业形成以十大产品为主导的产业化体系
重点建设鲜食绿色食品、水生菜加工腌制菜、名特优新水产水禽、优质油料、苗木花卉林果特等五个100万亩区域特色生产基地，形成苗木花卉、无公害蔬菜、特种水产品等10大产品为主导的农业产业化体系。
（五）功能分区
"十五"时期，我们将围绕经济结构战略性调整，优化城市布局，进一步完善功能分区。推进生产力布局重心由主城逐步向市郊转移，在二环线以内形成都市繁荣圈，二环线至外环线之间形成都市实力圈，外环线以外形成都市辐射圈。
在繁荣圈内，形成一批公司总部、商务机构、外事机构云集的商务服务区和滨江、滨湖特色突出的城市中心景观区；在实力圈内，形成高新技术产业基地、现代制造业基地和大型客、货流转基地；在辐射圈，形成八大卫星城和一批新型城镇，建设一批工业园区和都市农业基地，建立与江汉平原、鄂东平原等周边地区联动发展的格局。建设的重点是"一带"（城市新的经济增长带）、"一区"（城市中心景观区）、"一港"（阳逻武汉新港）。
城市新的经济增长带。在武汉三环线西南段与外环线西南段之间，依托"两区一园"（东湖新技术开发区、武汉经济技术开发区和吴家山海峡两岸科技产业园），形成城市新的经济增长带。"十五"时期，将以"两区一园"为增长极，强化产业的集聚辐射功能，形成全市经济发展最快、活力最强、规模最大的经济增长带。
城市中心景观区。长江一、二桥之间，是武汉历史文化的聚集区域。"十五"时期，我们将以南岸咀、龙王庙、滨江公园、月亮湾等为重点，综合整治两江四岸沿线地区环境，加强江滩绿化，突出滨江特色，建设"武汉外滩"，形成由月湖至长江二桥的城市中心景观区。与滨江城市特色相呼应，以东湖等大型水域资源保护和开发为重点，塑造武汉滨湖城市特色。
阳逻武汉新港。阳逻是长江中游的深水良港，是武汉外环线重要的节点，紧邻京九、京广铁路，106、318国道，武汉天河机场、即将迁建的王家墩机场新址，阳逻长江大桥也即将建设，交通区位条件优越，发展空间广阔。"十五"时期，我们将完成阳逻国际集装箱转运中心一期工程建设，进行市区码头向阳逻港区的搬迁改造，加快煤码头、油气码头等专用货运码头建设，配套发展客货码头、仓储及港航设施，把阳逻建设成为一个以港口转运枢纽为特色，以邻港工业为重点，具有中等城市规模的现代化港口新城和物流新区。
Overall Strategic Plan for the Social & Economic Development
of Wuhan by Mr.Zhang Daizhong
Executive Vice Mayor of Wuhan , P. R.China
Wuhan, the capital city of Hubei Province is a megalopolis in the central part of China. It is reputed as the economic-geographical heart of China. Covering an area of 8,467 square kilometers and accomodating 8.3 million residents, Wuhan administrates 11 urban districts, 2 suburbian districts and 3 state-level economic development zones. After the founding of new China, particularly over the past two decades, Wuhan has undergone a sustained, rapid and healthy economic development. Its gross domestic product (GDP) redoubled during the Ninth-Five Year Plan period after it was quadrupled ahead of schedule in 1995. In general, Wuhan peole are leading a relatively comfortable life; urban construction and administration have been upgraded. All the social undertakings are witnessing a comprehensive development. Spiritual civilization and democracy & legal system construction continue to be strengthened. Among the 221 medium and large-sized cities in China, Wuhan ranks the sixth place in terms of the comprehensive strength, which lays a solid foundation for the accomplishment of the third strategic target in the social modernization drive.
The economy remains on the track of robust and healthy development and its comprehensive strength is remarkably upgraded.
In 2001, Wuhan’s GDP amounted to 134.78 billion RMB yuan and its fiscal revenue hit 15.018 billion RMB yuan, increased by 12% and 21.8% respectively over the last year. The total fixed assets investment reached 50.844 billion RMB yuan, a rise of 10% over the last year and the total sales amount of social consumer goods hit 68.582 billion RMB yuan, an increase of 13% over the last year. The ratio amongst the primary industry, the secondary industry, the tertiary industry is now 6.3:44.1:49.6. The high-tech industry is developing rapidly, which takes up 42% in the industrial output value.
The economic system reform is increasingly reinforced and the framework of socialist market economic system has basically taken shape.
The system innovation with the state-owned economy strategic adjustment and the state-owned enterprises reform at the core is comprehensively stepped up. The market system is now playing an growing part in the resources distribution. 88% of the large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises and 83% of the medium and small-sized state-owned enterprises have successfully carried out the company system reforms. The state-owned economic distribution readjustment is proceeding smoothly; the reform on state-owned assets supervision system is continuously implemented with vigority; the supervision system over the three-level state assets is gradually established. Foreign investment, investment from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and private economic sectors are embracing an enormous boost. All the achievements have brought along a basic establishment of the diverse economic ownership centered by the public ownership and the socialist market economic system. In addition, the construction of commodity and elements markets is pushed forward by leaps and bounds and the market system continues to be perfected.
The opening up to the outside world is being accelerated and an all-around, multi-layer opening up pattern has essentially formed.
In line with the new situation after China’s WTO accession, new progress has been made in the reform of administration system, foreign economic and trade system as well as the policy and regulation system. The launch of Foreign Investment United Service Center and Complaints Handling Center and the reform on government bodies and administrative examination & approval system reveal the improvement in these fields. All these efforts have paid off with an improved investment environment. East Lake High-Tech Development Zone, Wuhan Economic and Technological Development Zone and Wu Jia Shan Across-Strait Science & Technology Park keep a momentum of rapid development. Encouraging results have been attained in the construction of Yangluo Economic Development Zone and Wu Jia Shan Across-Strait Science & Technology Park. Break-throughs have been made in Wuhan Optics Valley of China, which is justified by the spring up of a large number of optoelectronic information enterprises and the wide-range optoelectronic information products. The completion and operation of Wuhan Export Processing Zone have brought quite many export-oriented enterprises and products to highlight of growth. Accordingly, foreign capital utilization and value-added products export have expanded in scale. In 2001 alone, the actual utilization of foreign capital rose to 1.432 billion US dollars, increased by 10%, among which the direct foreign investment was 0.722 billion US dollars. The total export and import volume hit 2.156 billion US dollars, a rise of 6% over the previous year, among which the export volume was 0.946 billion US dollars.
The urban construction has achieved remarkable success and urban function continues to be elevated.
The comprehensive improvement in infrastructure has led to the completion of Baishazhou Yangtze River Bridge, the Rainbow Bridge, the Moon Lake Bridge and smooth proceeding of Tianxinzhou Yangtze River Bridge, Yangluo Yangtze River Bridge, the Outer Ring Road, Light Rail No.1 Line. A dynamic transportation network featuring the integration of rail, water, road and air access has basically formed. The launch of Digital Wuhan Project and the smooth construction of framework network in Wuhan made it a designated pilot information city by the State; On the other hand, the construction and protection of the ecological environment have been consolidated. The two-river four-bank transformation project has attained phasic success. We have fulfilled the rectification and treatment of the Round-East Lake Landcape as well as the first-phase project targeting the rectification and treatment of Hankou Riverside. The round-city ecological belt construction has also been brought to a satisfying end with 8.09 square meters per person and a green coverage rate of 33.7% in the city proper.
The science & technology and education are undergoing a coomprehensive and sound development; The socialist spiritual civilization and democracy & legal system construction are furtherly reinforced.
The rapid establishment of the science & technology innovation system is justified by the launch of 4 new and high-tech business start-up service centers and 10 enterprises R&D centers. To date, there have been 11 engineering technology research centers in Wuhan, 3 of which are granted statel-level. The educational reform and development is boosted, which leads to a consolidation of the basic education and an improvement of education quality. New Jianghan Unversity has been officially founded with the approval given by the Ministry of Education. Cuture, public health, sports, etc. are experiencing a comprehensive development and the spiritual civilization keeps elevated. The reinforced construction of democracy and legal system has helped enhance the administration level on the basis of governing by law.
The income of both urban and rural inhabitants keeps rising and the social security system reform maintains a momentum of smooth development.
In 2001, the annual disposable income per capita in the urban area and the net income per capita in the rural area rose to 7,305 and 3,100 yuan respectively. The average living space in the urban area and rural area is 9,65 square meters and 31,95 square meters respectively. People are generally leading a relatively comfortable life. The social security system has made new headway. The pension system and the insurance system cover a wider sphere and the medical insurance system is being steadily carried on.
(二) Development Target
The new century has ushered our city into a completely new era, in which the focus will be put on the construction of a relatively rich society and a quickened realization of socialist modernization. Facing the new challenges and opportunities, we shall adhere to the theme of development, uphold the guideline of restructuring, implement the strategy of thriving the city through science & technology and giving priority to opening up to the outside world in a bid to ahieve a saltatory economic and social development, improve people’s physical and cultural quality and arrive at a preliminary modernization.
Our near-term strategic target is:
To lay a foundation and construct the framework between 2001 and 2005 in order to realize basic modernization in the near future and to build Wuhan into an important economic, trade, finance, transportation, information, science & technology and education center in central China.
Our medium-term strategic target is:
To build Wuhan into an pivot metropolitan city in central China with 10-15 years of work and to achieve preliminary modernization in economy, infrastructure, people’s living and social civilization; To establish a sustainable economic, social and eco-system in an attempt to lay solid foundation for the fulfillment of the long-term target.
Our long-term strategic target is:
To build Wuhan into a modern international metropolitan city after 30 odd years of hard work; To further enhance the comprehensive capacity and the overall service function of Wuhan; To optimize the general development environment and sharpen its competitive edge.
（三）Two Grand Strategies
During the Tenth-Five Year Plan period, we shall give more play to our comparative advantages, implement the strategy of giving priority to opening up to the outside world and thriving the city with science and technology and give impetus to reform, develoopment and rapid social development with the motivation of further opening up to the outside world.
We shall carry on the strategy of giving priority to opening and vigorously develop export-oriented economy.
To achieve these goals, we shall first fully prepare ourselves for the arising challenges and opportunities after China’s WTO accession. We shall formulate sound foreign-related policies and regulations, perfect our consulting and service organizations and upgrade our service quality. Secondly, we shall increase foreign investment in scale and standard. In compliance with the establishment of Five Industrial Bases, Five Function Centers and agricultural industralization system, we shall introduce into our city more foreign capital utilization projects. To do so, we shall improve our policies and methods in introducing foreign investment and enhance the focalization and efficiency in introducing foreign investment; We shall further optimize foreign investment composition and proactively introduce more leading-edge technology and managerial expertise, introduce into Wuhan more international big names, financial groups and big business partners, promote indigenous enterprises’ collaboration with transnational corporations and their entry into the global production chains and sales network of those multinational companies and market our city as a destination for world multinational companies’ regional production base, R & D center and sales headquarters. Thirdly, we shall spare no efforts to expand our export volume. This goal could be attained if we take advantage of Wuhan Export Processing Zone and improve the quality of products and scale of export; We shall implement the strategy of revitalizing trade through science and technology, optimize the export composition, expand our export volume by a big margin; We shall also further carry on the reform on foreign trade system, foster new export growth points, target at a many faceted foreign trade, continue our strategy of multi-export markets, consolidate the traditional markets in Hong Kong, Taiwan, America and the European Union and explore new markets in Africa, East Europe, the Oceania, etc.. Fourthly, we shall endeavour to expand our economic and technological cooperation with our partners both home and abroad. To do so, we shall encourage our local enterprises to go overseas for business opportunities either by setting up overseas production bases, R & D centers or overseas sales network, increase our foreign project contract sphere and scale, further implement the strategy of introducing into Wuhan capital, technology, talents and managerial expertise from the East part of China, going westward for business opportunities and joining hands with partners from the economic circle in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.
We shall carry on the policy of thriving the city through science and technology thoroughly and promote the combination of science & technology and economy.
The aim could be attained by, first the construction of science and technology renovation system. We shall consolidate the construction of science & technology park with the two economic zones and one science & technology park as the principal part, cultivate new renovation bases. We will sharpen the competitiveness of local enterprises and cultivate new renovation part; We shall increase our input in building high-tech incubation, enhance their incubation capacity, consolidate the establishment of those science & technology intermediary service system, productivity promotion center and science and technology achievements transfer service center. Secondly, Priority should be given to promote the educational reform and development in a comprehensive way. We could accomplish this goal by attaching importance to the basic education, well managing New Jianghan University. Apart from that, we shall initiate the construction of the university city ( Huang Jia Hu), adjust and optimize educational administration system, step up education information and back up the auxiliary service socialization drive on the campus of colleges and universities. Thirdly, we shall vigorously implement the talents strategy. The first challenge confronting us after China’s WTO accession is the fierce competition for talents. We shall always seriously treat the cultivation and introduction of high-leveled talents, particularly the special talents well acquainted with WTO rules and international business practices. We shall endeavour to improve the talents migration policy and create a favorable environment for talents gathering and cultivation.
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（四）Industrial Structure
During the Tenth-Five Year Plan period, we shall conentrate on the development of some pillar industries characterized by comparative advantages, interantional competitiveness and strategic importance and the construction of modern manufacturing bases and modern service centers to stimulate the strategic economic restructuring.
1. To build five industrial bases in Wuhan.
The national optoelectronic and information industries base
Emphasis will be put on the development and production of optic fibre, optic cable, optoelectronic equipment, opto-communication equipment, laser, software products, etc. to facilitate the construction of Wuhan Optic Valley of China.
Modern manufacturing industry base with sedans manufacturing as the key part |
